World Environment Day is on June 5th every year. Firstly, it reminds us to protect the planet and promote the environment. Furthermore, the theme "Only One Earth" highlights important issues like climate change, sustainability, recycling, and wildlife protection.

Moreover, this day brings together individuals, communities, organizations, and governments to take action. In addition, climate change poses a big challenge and requires sustainable solutions.

To have a healthier future, we must prioritize sustainability and green living. Consequently, using renewable energy, eco-friendly transportation, and reducing waste are crucial steps.

In addition to that, recycling is important to protect the environment. It not only helps reduce waste but also preserves natural habitats.

Likewise, water conservation is necessary due to the scarcity of freshwater resources. Consequently, we need to raise awareness and use sustainable methods.

Equally important, reducing air and water pollution is essential for a healthier environment. By using cleaner technologies and making conscious choices, we can improve air quality and ecosystems.

Furthermore, wildlife protection is critical for environmental conservation. Hence, preserving habitats and supporting conservation efforts are vital.

Last but not least, educating others about the environment is important for a sustainable future. By spreading awareness and promoting environmental consciousness, we empower individuals and communities to be stewards of the environment.

Background of World Environment Day

World Environment Day has a history that goes back to 1972. During the opening of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment, which took place in Stockholm, Sweden from June 5 to June 16, 1972, the United Nations General Assembly established this day. This conference was the first major international meeting on environmental issues.

At the conference, delegates from 113 countries and representatives from various non-governmental organizations (NGOs) gathered to discuss urgent environmental concerns. The conference aimed to raise awareness about the worsening condition of the global environment and promote international cooperation to address these issues.

On June 5, 1972, the final day of the conference, the United Nations declared it as World Environment Day. The goal was to create a global platform for governments, organizations, and individuals to take action and increase awareness about environmental challenges. Since then, people have celebrated World Environment Day annually on June 5.

The theme of the first World Environment Day in 1974 was "Only One Earth." It aimed to raise awareness about the importance of preserving the environment and achieving sustainable development. Over the years, the event has gained more significance and participation. Governments, NGOs, communities, and individuals actively participate in various environmental activities and initiatives.

Important of World Environment Day

World Environment Day focuses on a specific environmental concern through different themes. These themes cover a wide range of topics, including climate change, biodiversity conservation, marine pollution, and sustainable consumption. They aim to draw global attention to critical issues and inspire action.

Moreover, World Environment Day serves as a significant platform for advocating environmental causes, discussing policies, and initiating action. It encourages individuals and communities to take responsibility for their environmental impact and adopt sustainable practices in their daily lives. The event also prompts governments to implement policies and regulations that promote environmental protection and sustainable development.

In addition, World Environment Day fosters international cooperation and collaboration. It provides countries with an opportunity to share their environmental initiatives, exchange best practices, and showcase their achievements in addressing environmental challenges. This day reminds us that environmental issues transcend national boundaries and necessitate global cooperation to find effective solutions.

We know that the biggest city like Beijing, Deli, Mumbai, and Dhaka are facing massive problems related to the environment. Air pollution, sound pollution, deforestation etc are the major problem of the current world. To reduce such pollution & problem, environment day may have great significance.

The main important of World Environment Day are:

1. Climate Action

World Environment Day has a significant role in promoting climate action. In 2021, the theme was "Ecosystem Restoration," which focused on recovering damaged ecosystems to reduce climate change. The campaign emphasized the importance of restoring forests, wetlands, and other ecosystems to absorb carbon dioxide, lessen climate change effects, and safeguard biodiversity. This theme led to actions like extensive reforestation projects, conservation efforts, and sustainable land management practices that help fight climate change.

2. To Reduce Plastic Pollution

World Environment Day 2018 centred around the theme "Beat Plastic Pollution." The campaign aimed to make people aware of the harmful effects of plastic pollution on ecosystems and human health. Consequently, individuals and communities became more mindful of their plastic usage and began taking steps to reduce single-use plastics. Moreover, governments implemented policies and regulations to restrict plastic waste and encourage sustainable alternatives. This joint effort resulted in heightened awareness, decreased plastic consumption, and enhanced waste management practices in numerous regions.

Similarly, the main slogan of Environment Day 2023 is also "#Beat Plastic Pollution".

3. To Reduce Air Pollution

Air pollution is one of the burning issues of the current world. The theme of "Air Pollution" was the focus of World Environment Day in 2019. This campaign emphasized the harmful impact of air pollution on human health and ecosystems. It prompted discussions and initiatives to address air pollution through actions like promoting clean energy, reducing vehicular emissions, and implementing stricter industrial emission standards. Numerous countries and cities are committed to enhancing air quality and have taken tangible steps to decrease pollution levels. As a result, these efforts led to better air quality and improved well-being in communities worldwide.

4. Biodiversity Conservation

World Environment Day often emphasizes the importance of biodiversity conservation. For instance, in 2020, the theme was "Time for Nature," highlighting the urgent need to protect and restore ecosystems. This campaign encouraged actions such as reforestation, habitat restoration, and the conservation of endangered species. Moreover, it prompted governments and communities to take steps to preserve biodiversity, safeguard ecosystems, and promote sustainable land use practices. Such actions are vital for maintaining ecological balance and, consequently, the long-term health of the planet.

5. Sustainable Development

World Environment Day promotes sustainable development, which aims to balance economic growth, environmental protection, and social well-being. This concept encourages individuals and organizations to adopt sustainable practices in different sectors like agriculture, energy, transportation, and waste management. For instance, World Environment Day raises awareness about sustainable agriculture. Communities can learn about organic farming practices, water conservation methods, and integrated pest management through campaigns and initiatives. By adopting these practices, farmers reduce their dependence on harmful pesticides and preserve soil health. This transition towards sustainable agriculture ensures long-term food security, protects ecosystems, and supports the well-being of farmers and consumers.

6. Community Engagement

A community wants to organize a World Environment Day event that focuses on waste management. Local residents gather at neighbourhood cleanups to raise awareness of the importance of waste reduction, recycling and proper disposal. This community effort not only cleans up the area but also inspires a sense of responsibility and pride in the residents. This encourages the adoption of sustainable waste management practices such as composting, reducing overall waste generation in the community.

7. Youth Participation

A group of young environmental activists organizes a World Environment Day symposium. They invite experts to discuss strategies for mitigating climate change and encourage their peers to take action. Consequently, the youth participants initiate projects such as establishing climate clubs in schools, organizing climate strikes, and advocating for the adoption of renewable energy. By actively participating and advocating, they raise awareness and drive climate action among their peers and the wider community.

8. Global Uniformity

World Environment Day concentrates on safeguarding endangered species. International organizations work together with local communities in biodiverse regions to carry out conservation programs. For instance, a worldwide effort might be initiated to shield marine turtles by decreasing plastic pollution in their habitats. The campaign unites multiple countries, fostering awareness regarding the detrimental effects of plastic on marine life and promoting sustainable alternatives. This initiative contributes to the preservation of endangered species and their ecosystems through global solidarity.

9. Political Influence

World Environment Day focused on the significance of switching to renewable energy. Governments and policymakers have observed the public's growing interest and involvement in renewable energy solutions, as demonstrated at different events. Consequently, they are enhancing renewable energy policies, offering incentives for the adoption of clean energy, and establishing ambitious goals for renewable energy generation. The combined effect of World Environment Day and the widespread demand for renewable energy is driving substantial policy reforms that will expedite the worldwide shift to a low-carbon economy.

World Environment Day in Nepal

Nepal holds World Environment Day in high regard due to its rich biodiversity, natural beauty, and commitment to environmental conservation. The country has diverse ecosystems, ranging from the majestic Himalayas to lush green forests, vibrant wildlife, and pristine rivers. Nepal recognizes the value of its natural resources and has taken initiatives to promote sustainable development and conservation. Each year, World Environment Day in Nepal has a different theme, aligning with the global theme set by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Various activities and events are organized to commemorate the day, including awareness campaigns, seminars, workshops, and exhibitions. Tree planting is a popular activity that helps combat deforestation, prevent soil erosion, and create ecological balance. Nepal showcases its commitment to renewable energy and sustainable practices, making progress in utilizing hydropower and reducing dependency on fossil fuels. The day also addresses pressing environmental issues like waste management, air pollution, and water pollution, with a focus on youth participation through educational competitions and advocacy.

World Environment Day Celebration in Nepal

World Environment Day on June 5th promotes environmental awareness and action. In Nepal, the day is marked with various events. Firstly, a specific theme designated by UNEP is adopted. Additionally, national-level activities like seminars, conferences, and workshops are organized to raise awareness and promote sustainability. Moreover, clean-up campaigns and tree-planting drives are conducted to emphasize waste management, cleanliness, reforestation, and the importance of forests in climate change mitigation. Furthermore, awareness programs are implemented to educate the public on environmental issues, while cultural events engage a wider audience creatively. Moreover, policy discussions and media campaigns are employed to involve policymakers, government officials, experts, and the public in addressing environmental challenges and encouraging collective action.

Environment Law & Reality in Nepal

To reduce the adverse effects on public health and the environment and maintain a clean environment, it is necessary to amend and unify the laws related to waste management. According to Article 83 of the Interim Constitution of Nepal 063, the Constituent Assembly passed the Waste Management Act 068. Additionally, in the Constitution of 072, the right to the environment recognize as a fundamental right. Every citizen in Nepal has the fundamental right to a clean environment, according to Article 30 of the Constitution of Nepal 072. Additionally, the law allows victims of environmental pollution or degradation to receive compensation.

Currently, environmental pollution is having a significant impact on human health as well as on social, economic, and cultural aspects. It is crucial for all individuals involved to come together and acknowledge the importance of reducing this pollution. Moreover, the government has failed to effectively enforce the right of every person to live in a clean environment. In fact, keeping the environment clean requires us to focus on sustainable development, assess environmental impact, take precautions, ensure public justice, and more. Additionally, the government has recognized the importance of spreading awareness materials in school-level textbooks and media to protect the environment.

Clean environments exist in Nepal's villages, but the environment in big and medium cities is extremely poor. The capital city of Kathmandu consistently ranks high worldwide for air pollution. Likewise, waste management is the major issue in Nepal's metropolises. Despite the constitution granting people the fundamental right to a clean environment, it has failed to fulfill this promise. Pollution causes the death of numerous individuals on a daily basis.